Therefore, we have shifted our defense focus from the “content level” to the “actor and behavior level.” For instance, last March, we held a civic deliberation on using AI to enhance information integrity. The main recommendation was that advertisements on social media—like Facebook, YouTube, and TikTok—must carry a digital signature, so you know who paid to sponsor the message. You cannot hide behind an anonymous bank account; otherwise, anyone with enough money could bypass civil society’s immune system and broadcast messages to a massive audience.