This has had a huge impact on “pre-bunking”—that is, anticipating what kinds of manipulation, like deepfakes or election interference, might appear in the future, and teaching the entire society to recognize these techniques. It’s the exact same principle as a vaccine: introducing your immune system to something that looks like the virus before you encounter the real thing. As a result, people can see through a deepfake video at a glance. About two and a half years ago, I personally deepfaked myself and showed everyone how it was done. The technology wasn’t very good then, but I told everyone it would get better and better. And indeed, in the election last January, deepfake audio and video did appear, but they had little to no impact on the outcome; in fact, they may have even backfired. I believe that prevention is always more effective than debunking after the fact.