Literacy is when you are consumer. Competence is when you produce. So, the primary school student that measures air quality using Arduino or Raspberry Pi, the middle school students that fact check the presidential candidates as three of them are having a debate or a forum, they are all competent students making productions to the society even before they turn 18. Because people don’t magically become informed citizens when they turn 18. It is only possible when in a very tender age they learn that the only way to master an art or a technique is by contributing to the commons. So, it does require an educational reform. Shifting away from standardized answers or individualized competition toward co-creation, toward the common good. And this is something that enhances the societal resilience as well.

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