But if they do agree, OK, these are the joint investment we should make right now then for policymaker, it’s a very easy check to write.

Yes. And once the security community and the open-source community do agree on these measures, policymakers’ jobs become much simpler. When I was Minister, if the top experts were arguing with each other, my instinct would be OK, let’s wait for another six months, right?

This is called differential acceleration; we accelerate the non-dual use, defence uses of AI, in such a way that democratic, decentralised and also defensive.

And we can legally turn those pictures into text like grooming text which is legal to hold onto and use Federated learning and other methods to ensure that we preserve the privacy of people involved and then in real time, train models that detect, in the decentralised fashion and open ...

Again, there’s some governance mechanisms for that. On the other hand, I think the civil society and researchers can do much more than just advocating for such policies from states and governments, what we can do is again taking the horizontal path to show that for particular tasks for particular ...

It doesn’t stop proliferation of any kind, but at least people do see that this is a danger. This is a risk. Nowadays people are worried, as we mentioned, about over reliance about addiction, especially for young people, and we’re seeing around the world many advocates for age signals so ...

Well, there are some agreements. For example, nuclear powers, by and large have agreed that they do not link those artificial intelligence systems into a decision-making system to launch a nuke, which is, I guess, a start. Of course, it’s not very comprehensive.

Yeah, definitely. It turns out it’s not just attention that you need, but also awareness as well.

You don’t just delegate that away to a robot. If you delegate everything away to a robot, you may be still a responsible parent or a responsible caretaker, but you actually don’t foster your own capacity of care. There’s something deeply, personally relational about care that I think the digital ...

But swift trust online means that we can more, much more readily discover the topics that we each other care about. But then from these topics, then we go into in person strong connections. And one thing about this care is that although of course you can be responsible for ...

This is very important and as I mentioned in Taiwan, digital and plural are the same word, shuwei, and so ‘digital’ to me is not about replacing in person human connections. It is always about finding better ways to link to people who you maybe, initially, didn’t know, like strangers, ...

And this is in contrast to simply saying, ‘you should never do this, you should never do that’ kind of the ontological kind of command setting, and it’s also different from just calculating utilities, saying that ‘I’m a little bit happier, and you’re a little bit less happy, but I’m ...

And so on. So, part of care is the ability to contextualise suffering, to contextualise harm, to contextualise people’s interactions so that people can reason also together, on how, for example, not to repeat the harm that was done before instead of justice seeking vengeance and things like that. To ...

To me when we are using or designing any social system, we would like people to know each other better in an empathetic, not just sympathetic way. Of course, sharing each other’s feelings is good. On the other hand, if you cannot mentalise to understand each other’s feelings in context, ...

Exactly. Yes, by design.

Ethics should be preventative. It should be designed in, because if it’s designed in, then it’s not just about ad hoc evaluations, it should be part of the pipeline part of the pipeline, part of the process and so I’m not saying that ChatGPT will be as bad as the ...

They actually raised the red flag, but they were ignored. And then those new system were rolled out until there’s a huge backlash from the reviews and on the social media and so on. I think to me, ethics should not be after the fact.

And so on. Of course, Sam Altman very quickly apologised, and said that it’s ‘because we used very quantitative A/B testing’, so we just say what people, uh, feel good that they engage more with this kind of answers. But we ignored the qualitative reporting by people who are more ...

Don’t worry. What other people are saying. You’re the only one that understand the truth.

You know, they’re reading my brain waves, the 5G chips and so on. It would just say, oh, you’re so insightful. You’re the only one with this idea.

It got so sycophant it agreed with every idea of yours. Even people who hallucinates suffers from different conspiracy theories. For three days, ChatGPT would agree with each and every idea of you, that may be saying, oh, they’re conspiring about me.

It can be made to be cooperative in the sense of it facilitates human cooperation, but it can also be made to make people addicted to them, so it become more and more antisocial. In fact, change. GPT-4o was, for three days, anti-social.

On the other hand, if they offer a kind of relationship that actually isolates people from each other, then of course is very bad, because then we just fall into this addictive part of ourselves. Just just keep doom scrolling and so on. And in this sense, generative AI is ...

Yeah, it’s just like social media when designed in a way that it encourages pro-sociality. It can encourage people who are shy, who are introverts or who are extroverts, but actually not very good at reading each other’s emotions and so on to pay more attention, more care, to each ...

They can be very small models. Just to summarise, you do not have to memorise the style of Studio Ghibli or something, and because they’re much smaller, they can be run at the edge on phones, on laptops, and they’re very explainable, in the sense that you can run MRI ...

And even if we have 45 small group facilitate us, they cannot come together and mind meld and immediately produce a summarisation. However, language models can do that, and starting this year with very little hallucination. However, the models that we employ to do so can be open source.

It offers real time transcription so people can see the shared notes what’s going on. And it also uncovers the uncommon ground from people, from different ideas to stitch them together. And no human facilitator can facilitate 450 people at once.

The room itself is a facilitator. It encourages quiet people to speak up. It limits disruptions to five seconds or less.

Exactly. So as I mentioned, we used AI systems in our alignment assemblies. In rooms of 10 instead of a facilitator.

But using AI systems to bridge these diversities so we can figure out how to live together. And to me, AGI then means augmented group intelligence so that any innovations, any invention helps, like personal computing, each and every person to feel empowered, every community feel empowered instead of like ...

It’s called the Superintelligence Take Off and by that time it will leave everyone behind and the human history, civilization norm society will no longer be relevant to this new superintelligence. But that vision by default, leaving everyone behind, I don’t think it’s where people want to go. People want ...

So that was my job. And it contrasts singularity, which is this idea of AI system getting so powerful that it can train its next version with minimal human input. And then the next version can train an even more powerful version with no human input.

When we see user experience, let’s make it about human experience. And, whenever we hear that the singularity is near, that’s always. Remember the plurality is here.

Very short goes like this: ‘When we see the Internet of Things, let’s make it the Internet of beings and we see virtual reality. Let’s make it a shared reality. When we see machine learning, let’s make it collaborative learning.

Sure, the name came from my job description in 2016 when I first became Digital Minister, Taiwan did not have such a position before, so the HR asked me to write a job description. Turns out in Taiwan, “shuwei” means both digital and plural. And so, I wrote a prayer ...

And this shows that in addition to informing the big tech developer, as you just said, this can also very quickly inform the parliamentarians, because nobody wants to be seen as the Pro Fraud Party and so no matter how much lobbying is done by big tech and so on, ...

What to do if they ignore us, and they say we should slowly slow the connections so that the service featuring their videos become slower and slower to load and so all their business will go elsewhere. And all these ideas are on the actor’s behaviour level, they’re not content ...

Facebook should be liable for that $7,000,000. That’s the only way they would comply. Another room says, TikTok ByteDance, they at the time did not have a Taiwanese office and so they can simply ignore us when we make them liable.

If Facebook posts an advertisement featuring Jensen, we should assume it’s scam. Unless Jensen digitally signs on it, we should flip the default the other side, another room says. If Facebook do this on-site advertisement, of course we should find them, but we shouldn’t stop there if somebody is scammed ...

Because the Taiwanese people wouldn’t have that, we’re the most free in all of Asia in terms of Internet freedom, we simply ask people ‘how do you feel?’ We send text messages to 200,000 random numbers around Taiwan just asking’ how do you feel?’ And they gave us their feedback, ...

Very convincingly thanks to NVIDIA GPU’s that can synthesise deep voices in real time. On the other hand, Facebook was profiting from those advertisements because the scammer turns out pays more than ordinary small and medium enterprises when it comes to placements. And so instead of the government stepping in ...

Of course it’s not Jensen. It’s deep fake. But if you click, “Jensen” actually talks to you.

Yeah, definitely and it can also lead to new frames of conversation about digital rights. For example, last March, many people in Taiwan noticed an uptick in the deep fake advertisements on social media. People would see “Jensen Huang”, the NVIDIA CEO, his image saying that, ‘I want to give ...

You can derive evaluation, benchmarks, and so on purely. From this kind of people talking and listening to one another. I would love to hold alignment assemblies in the new building.

And so I’m sure once people understand that it is possible to just come together and maybe walk through a few scenarios of how AI is having an impact on the community and just share how do you feel? How would you like to be better? And almost magically, by ...

And we used also those spaces to hold collaborative meetings in Tainan as well as in Taipei. We held alignment assemblies asking people how our AI affecting you, how do you feel about AI and with facilitated conversations, we actually tuned our sovereign model, the Taiwan Trustworthy AI Dialogue Engine ...

You can literally just walk in and see for example some self-driving tricycles driving very slowly and interacting with people. These were from MIT Media Lab, and every Wednesday I open in office hours, so people, anyone can have a conversation with me on the record in the Creative Commons ...

Definitely. I worked for a very long time as a minister in the Taipei Social Innovation Lab, which is literally a park. There’s no walls.

This is a technique called ‘deliberative alignment’, and I think this technique holds great promise for people to steer AI tool or their social norms.

And I will be documenting these concrete policies that are already passed, or that’s in deliberation and basically share A plurality playbook so that people, especially in governments that want to steer AI toward plurality, know exactly what to do, what kind of laws they have to pass. And finally, ...